1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol is a monoacylglycerol that contains stearic acid at the sn-1 position. 1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol levels are decreased in tumor tissue in a mouse model of azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. Levels of 1-stearoyl-rac-glycerol are decreased in lung tissue from patients with adenocarcinoma, but are increased in the serum of patients with Buruli ulcer and in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with the inflammatory demyelinating diseases multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and idiopathic transverse myelitis (ITM). 1-Stearoyl-rac-glycerol has been used in the composition of transfersomes for transdermal delivery of doxorubicin in rats, leading to doxorubicin accumulation in lymph nodes, spleen, and heart.